{"id":3991,"date":"2021-02-04T16:20:39","date_gmt":"2021-02-04T16:20:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/?p=3991"},"modified":"2021-09-07T19:18:46","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T18:18:46","slug":"similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/","title":{"rendered":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Who is running this project?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

This project is led by Dr Ian Cunnings<\/a> and Dr Hiroki Fujita<\/a> in the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences. It is funded\u00a0by a Leverhulme Trust<\/a> Research Project Grant.<\/span><\/p>\n

What is this project about?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

This project examines how a phenomena known as ‘similarity-based interference’ influences language comprehension in second language learners of English. Certain types of sentences, such as ‘It was the boy that the girl chased yesterday afternoon’, can cause difficulty during comprehension, as readers may get confused about who did want to whom. Recent research has indicated that similarity between the words and phrases within a sentence can increase comprehension difficulty, with sentences becoming easier to understand if certain phrases are dissimilar. For example, instead of having two nouns (‘the boy’ and ‘the girl’), a sentence may become easier if one of the individuals is introduced using a proper name (e.g. ‘It was the boy that Susan chased yesterday afternoon’). This project utilises different experimental methods, including eye-tracking during reading and web-based language experiments, to investigate how similarity-based interference influences first and second language comprehension. The project will inform our understanding about which properties of language comprehension may be particularly difficult in a second language. For more information, please see the project webpage<\/a> at the Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics Lab<\/a> website.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image source=”featured_image” img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text] Who is running this project? This project is led by Dr Ian Cunnings and Dr Hiroki Fujita in the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences. It is…Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":3360,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[188,184],"tags":[200],"class_list":["post-3991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language-and-literacy-projects","category-projects","tag-language-and-literacy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSimilarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text] Who is running this project? This project is led by Dr Ian Cunnings and Dr Hiroki Fujita in the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences. It is...Read More >\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2021\/02\/eyetracking-scaled-e1612455791112.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1689\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"851\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ian Cunnings\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UniRdg_HCIC\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UniRdg_HCIC\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ian Cunnings\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ian Cunnings\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/961d122d87dcfca22fdca3d87971ee09\"},\"headline\":\"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\"},\"wordCount\":257,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Language and Literacy\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Language and Literacy\",\"Projects\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\",\"name\":\"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/\",\"name\":\"Heritage and Creativity Institute for Collections\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization\",\"name\":\"University of Reading\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2018\/05\/UoR-twitter-modern-fullcolour.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2018\/05\/UoR-twitter-modern-fullcolour.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"University of Reading\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/UniRdg_HCIC\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/961d122d87dcfca22fdca3d87971ee09\",\"name\":\"Ian Cunnings\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/95a7cf65ff03cadefb7cc8845f4d22dc9332bdbab1cbcc5f98f9985bee8a7637?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/95a7cf65ff03cadefb7cc8845f4d22dc9332bdbab1cbcc5f98f9985bee8a7637?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Ian Cunnings\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/author\/i-cunningsreading-ac-uk\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism","og_description":"[vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text] Who is running this project? This project is led by Dr Ian Cunnings and Dr Hiroki Fujita in the School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences. It is...Read More >","og_url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/","og_site_name":"Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism","article_published_time":"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1689,"height":851,"url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2021\/02\/eyetracking-scaled-e1612455791112.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ian Cunnings","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@UniRdg_HCIC","twitter_site":"@UniRdg_HCIC","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ian Cunnings","Estimated reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/"},"author":{"name":"Ian Cunnings","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/961d122d87dcfca22fdca3d87971ee09"},"headline":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension","datePublished":"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/"},"wordCount":257,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization"},"keywords":["Language and Literacy"],"articleSection":["Language and Literacy","Projects"],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/","url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/","name":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension - Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-02-04T16:20:39+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-07T18:18:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/similarity-and-sentence-processing-in-second-language-comprehension\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Similarity and Sentence Processing in Second Language Comprehension"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#website","url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/","name":"Heritage and Creativity Institute for Collections","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#organization","name":"University of Reading","url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2018\/05\/UoR-twitter-modern-fullcolour.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/105\/2018\/05\/UoR-twitter-modern-fullcolour.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"University of Reading"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/twitter.com\/UniRdg_HCIC"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/961d122d87dcfca22fdca3d87971ee09","name":"Ian Cunnings","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/95a7cf65ff03cadefb7cc8845f4d22dc9332bdbab1cbcc5f98f9985bee8a7637?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/95a7cf65ff03cadefb7cc8845f4d22dc9332bdbab1cbcc5f98f9985bee8a7637?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ian Cunnings"},"url":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/author\/i-cunningsreading-ac-uk\/"}]}},"cc_featured_image_caption":{"caption_text":false,"source_text":false,"source_url":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3991"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4523,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions\/4523"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/celm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}