View paper<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\nPeople with a knowledge of the eye and visual experiments accommodate and converge better than na\u00efve observers. \u201cExperts\u201d should not be used if typical responses are required as controls.<\/p>\n
Purpose<\/h2>\n
Vergence and accommodation studies often use adult participants with experience of vision science. Reports of infant and clinical responses are generally more variable and of lower gain, with the implication that differences lie in immaturity or sub-optimal clinical characteristics but expert \/na\u00efve differences are rarely considered or quantified.<\/p>\n
Methods<\/h2>\n
16 undergraduates, na\u00efve to vision science were individually matched by age, visual acuity, refractive error, heterophoria, stereoacuity and near point of accommodation to 2nd & 3rd year orthoptics and optometry undergraduates (\u201cexperts\u201d). Accommodation and vergence responses were assessed to targets moving between 33cm, 50 cm, 1m and 2m using a haploscopic device incorporating a PlusoptiX SO4 autorefractor. Disparity, blur and looming cues were separately available or minimised in all combinations. Instruction set was minimal.<\/p>\n
Results<\/h2>\n
In all cases, vergence and accommodation response slopes (gain) were steeper and closer to 1.0 in the expert group (p=0.001), with less lag for near targets (p=0.012). For vergence, the differences between expert and na\u00efve response slopes increased with increasingly open-loop targets (linear trend p=0.025). Although we predicted that proximal cues would drive additional response in the experts, the proximity-only cue was the only condition that showed no statistical effect of experience.<\/p>\n
Conclusions<\/h2>\n
Expert observers provide more accurate responses to near target demand than matched na\u00efve observers. We suggest that attention, practice, voluntary and proprioceptive effects may enhance responses in experienced participants when compared to a more typical general population. Differences between adult reports and the developmental and clinical literature may partially reflect expert \/ na\u00efve effects, as well as developmental change. If developmental and clinical studies are to be compared to adult normative data, uninstructed na\u00efve adult data should be used.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Horwood,A, Riddell,P. Opth & Physiol.Optics 2010,30, 152-159 View paper People with a knowledge of the eye and visual experiments accommodate and converge better than na\u00efve observers. \u201cExperts\u201d should not be…Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"parent":75,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-146","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nDifferences between na\u00efve and expert observers\u2019 vergence and accommodative responses to a range of targets - Focus on Children\u2019s Vision<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/childrens-vision\/ophthalmologists-orthoptists-optometrists\/differences-naive-expert-observers-vergence-accommodative-responses-range-targets\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Differences between na\u00efve and expert observers\u2019 vergence and accommodative responses to a range of targets - Focus on Children\u2019s Vision\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Horwood,A, Riddell,P. 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