{"id":941,"date":"2019-12-10T08:30:45","date_gmt":"2019-12-10T08:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/?p=941"},"modified":"2019-12-11T09:39:34","modified_gmt":"2019-12-11T09:39:34","slug":"adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/2019\/12\/10\/adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log\/","title":{"rendered":"#AdventBotany 2019 Day 10: The Catalan Ti\u00f3 de Nadal or \u201cChristmas Log\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong>By <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/dawnbazely\">Dawn Bazely<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3><strong>Civil Society at the Climate Change Negotiations in Spain<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The 25<sup>th<\/sup> annual \u201cConference of the Parties\u201d to the United Nations Convention on Climate Change is currently meeting from December 2-13, 2019, in Madrid, though hosted by Chile.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-941 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/2019\/12\/10\/adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log\/screenshot-of-the-opening-of-cop25\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-942\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-the-opening-of-COP25.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-942'>\n\t\t\t\tThe opening ceremony  of COP25\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/2019\/12\/10\/adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log\/screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-cop25\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-943\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Screenshot-of-online-comments-from-the-opening-of-COP25.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-943'>\n\t\t\t\tSpanish PM, Pedro Sanchez&#8217; opening speech at COP25 was live-streamed and is overlain with online comments\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Alongside the official delegations from different countries, thousands of members of civil society, from farmers to trade unionists, to business people and university researchers show up each year, to observe the negotiations, meet each other, network and plan action. They belong to organizations that have applied for and received official \u201cobserver status\u201d. This includes Faith Based Organizations, many of which have long participated in the dialogue about how to act climate change and biodiversity loss. Pope Francis\u2019 second encyclical, on <em>Climate Change and Inequality<\/em>, <em>Laudato Si\u2019<\/em>, released in 2015, speaks to the <em>Ecological Crisis<\/em> (chapter 3). It\u2019s available to <a href=\"https:\/\/laudatosi.com\/watch\" class=\"broken_link\">download from the Vatican website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This year, my academic duties prevented me from being in Spain as a member of the York University delegation. However, in my role as the university\u2019s UN Designated Contact Point, I provide logistical support for our COP25 delegates.<\/p>\n<p>In 2009, I applied for York University (Toronto) to be admitted as a non-governmental organization at the Climate Change Negotiations. We are a member of the RINGO or Research and Independent Non-governmental Organizations constituency. In the run-up to the annual fortnight-long COP, I apply for the sought-after credentials. Getting through the doors of the negotiations as an observer is immensely valuable for faculty and student researchers studying climate change science, policy, governance and politics.<\/p>\n<h3>Making time to write an Advent Botany post about an unusual custom<\/h3>\n<p>I thought that I wouldn\u2019t have time to write an Advent Botany post this year, but while researching general information for the delegation about what\u2019s happening outside of the enormous Conference of the Parties, I came across an Advent Season tradition in Catalonia, to the northeast of Spain, of which I had never heard. The <em>Ti\u00f3 de Nadal<\/em> or \u201cChristmas Log\u201d is also known as the <em>Caga Ti\u00f3 <\/em>or \u201cpooping log\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_945\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-945\" style=\"width: 614px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-945 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cagatio.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cagatio.jpg 614w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cagatio-230x300.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-945\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ti\u00f3 de Nadal (By Toniher CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Made from a small log of wood, it has a painted face, two front legs, a blanket draped over it, and it sometimes, wears a hat.<\/p>\n<p>In my online research, I could not discover exactly how far outside of Catalonia this tradition extends, so I will most definitely be asking York University delegates to keep an eye out for them when they leave the UN venue to explore Madrid!<\/p>\n<p>Beginning on December 8<sup>th<\/sup>, the <em>Feast of the Immaculate Conception<\/em>, children begin giving their log food and water. Naturally, these items disappear. On Christmas Day, the children beat the log, singing a song to it, demanding sweets, which along with other treats are found under the blanket, apparently having been excreted from the log. In the past, the log would then be burned, but these days, the cherished item is most likely put away with the Christmas decorations until the following December.<\/p>\n<p>Stories about the <em>Ti\u00f3 de Nadal<\/em> have recently featured in the <em>New York Times<\/em>, the <em>Smithsonian Magaine<\/em> and <em>The Independent<\/em>. In a 2018 \u201cLetter of Recommendation\u201d in the <em>New York Times <\/em>magazine, Marta Bausells explained that this custom could be traced back to the Middle Ages in the Pyrenees. Lyndsay Patterson writing for the US <em>National Public Radio\u2019s<\/em> Food History and Culture website, <em>The Salt<\/em>, in 2017, was told this during a visit to the Department of Popular Culture in Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p>Bausells also explained that Catalan culture is very much concerned with the scatological, as perhaps, indeed, we all should be, since \u201cwe are what we eat, minus what we excrete\u201d. One of my most highly cited research papers is on the role of lesser snow goose droppings in the nitrogen cycle of a salt-marsh! Catalan Nativity scenes include a pooping young man who shows up in Benito Cereno and Anthony Clark\u2019s children\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stnicholascenter.org\/how-to-celebrate\/resources\/stories-poems\/stories\/comics\/tio#mode\/2up\">comic book<\/a> about the <em>Ti\u00f3 de Nadal<\/em> custom.<\/p>\n<h3>The Christmas Logs are made from Cork Oaks<\/h3>\n<p>I wondered what kind of trees <em>Caga Ti\u00f3<\/em> logs were made from. Again, my online research in English, didn\u2019t uncover any specific information, and I have never visited forests in Spain. Fortunately, Dr. Alastair Culham (co-founder of the <em>Advent Botany<\/em> blog series) took a look at some of the online photos of the logs, and identified them as cork oak, <em>Quercus suber<\/em>.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-941 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/2019\/12\/10\/adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log\/quercus_suber_algarve\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-944\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Quercus_suber_algarve-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-944'>\n\t\t\t\tA mature cork oak (Quercus suber) showing evidence of bark harvesting for cork manufacture.  (Hannes Grobe, CC BY-SA 2.5)\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/2019\/12\/10\/adventbotany-2019-day-10-the-catalan-tio-de-nadal-or-christmas-log\/cork_oak_trunk_section\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cork_oak_trunk_section-300x191.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-946\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cork_oak_trunk_section-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cork_oak_trunk_section-1024x653.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cork_oak_trunk_section-768x490.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/herbarium\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/42\/Unorganized\/Cork_oak_trunk_section.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-946'>\n\t\t\t\tTransverse section of a cork log showing the thick, suberised, outer layer. (Plantsurfer [Public domain])\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>The <strong>Future Forest Partnership <\/strong>is a group of European regions, including Catalonia, sharing ideas about how European forests could adapt to climate change. An anonymous, undated document from this website, with citations up to 2012, reports that forest cover in the region is around 61%. While the types of forest include cork oak communities, which provide various forest products, the main tree species that is harvested is Scots Pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris<\/em>). There are many different species of pine and oak in Catalan forests, so I would guess that sometimes, the Christmas log is made from a pine tree.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, anyone can make a <em>Caga Ti\u00f3<\/em> with whatever logs you have on hand, and Bill Yovino gives instructions in a <a href=\"https:\/\/billyovino.weebly.com\/life\/caga-tio-a-catalan-christmas-tradition\">2017 blog post<\/a>!<\/p>\n<h2><strong>References<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Bausells, M. Letter of Recommendation: Tio\u0301 de Nadal, <em>New York Times Magazine<\/em>. December 20, 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/12\/20\/magazine\/letter-of-recommendation-tio-de-nadal.html\" class=\"broken_link\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/12\/20\/magazine\/letter-of-recommendation-tio-de-nadal.html<\/a> (retrieved 2-12-2019)<\/p>\n<p>Fessenden, M. In Catalonia a Christmas Log Delivers Presents in An Unusual Way December 24, 2014. <em>Smithsonian Magazine.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/catalonia-christmas-log-delivers-presents-unusual-way-180953736\/\" class=\"broken_link\">https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/catalonia-christmas-log-delivers-presents-unusual-way-180953736\/<\/a> (retrieved 2-12-2019)<\/p>\n<p>Patterson, L. A Catalan Log that Poops Nougats at Christmas. <em>NPR The Salt: Food History &amp; Culture<\/em>. December 22, 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thesalt\/2017\/12\/22\/572569325\/caga-ti-a-catalan-log-that-poops-nougats-at-christmas\">https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thesalt\/2017\/12\/22\/572569325\/caga-ti-a-catalan-log-that-poops-nougats-at-christmas<\/a> (retrieved 2-12-2019)<\/p>\n<p>Ritschel, C. Meet Ti\u00f3 de Nada, Catalonia\u2019s Smiling Christmas Log that Defecates Presents. <em>The Independent<\/em>. December 4, 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/catalonia-tio-de-nadal-christmas-log-tradition-presents-what-is-it-a8091921.html\">https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/catalonia-tio-de-nadal-christmas-log-tradition-presents-what-is-it-a8091921.html<\/a> (retrieved 2-12-2019)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Online sources<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-citizens-are-fighting-climate-change-on-the-global-stage-85884\">https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-citizens-are-fighting-climate-change-on-the-global-stage-85884<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/process-and-meetings\/parties-non-party-stakeholders\/non-party-stakeholders\/admitted-ngos#eq-2\">https:\/\/unfccc.int\/process-and-meetings\/parties-non-party-stakeholders\/non-party-stakeholders\/admitted-ngos#eq-2<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/about\/leadership\/holy-see\/francis\/pope-francis-encyclical-laudato-si-on-environment.cfm\">http:\/\/www.usccb.org\/about\/leadership\/holy-see\/francis\/pope-francis-encyclical-laudato-si-on-environment.cfm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ti\u00f3_de_Nadal\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ti\u00f3_de_Nadal<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.catholicculture.org\/culture\/liturgicalyear\/calendar\/day.cfm?date=2019-12-09\">https:\/\/www.catholicculture.org\/culture\/liturgicalyear\/calendar\/day.cfm?date=2019-12-09<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stnicholascenter.org\/how-to-celebrate\/resources\/stories-poems\/stories\/comics\/tio#mode\/2up\">https:\/\/www.stnicholascenter.org\/how-to-celebrate\/resources\/stories-poems\/stories\/comics\/tio#mode\/2up<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.futureforest.eu\/tempsite\/index.php?lang=en\" class=\"broken_link\">http:\/\/www.futureforest.eu\/tempsite\/index.php?lang=en<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.futureforest.eu\/uploads\/basic_document_catalonia_v2.pdf\">http:\/\/www.futureforest.eu\/uploads\/basic_document_catalonia_v2.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/billyovino.weebly.com\/life\/caga-tio-a-catalan-christmas-tradition\">https:\/\/billyovino.weebly.com\/life\/caga-tio-a-catalan-christmas-tradition<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Dawn Bazely Civil Society at the Climate Change Negotiations in Spain The 25th annual \u201cConference of the Parties\u201d to the United Nations Convention on Climate Change is currently meeting&#8230;<a class=\"read-more\" href=\"&#104;&#116;&#116;&#112;&#115;&#58;&#47;&#47;&#114;&#101;&#115;&#101;&#97;&#114;&#99;&#104;&#46;&#114;&#101;&#97;&#100;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#46;&#97;&#99;&#46;&#117;&#107;&#47;&#104;&#101;&#114;&#98;&#97;&#114;&#105;&#117;&#109;&#47;&#50;&#48;&#49;&#57;&#47;&#49;&#50;&#47;&#49;&#48;&#47;&#97;&#100;&#118;&#101;&#110;&#116;&#98;&#111;&#116;&#97;&#110;&#121;&#45;&#50;&#48;&#49;&#57;&#45;&#100;&#97;&#121;&#45;&#49;&#48;&#45;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#45;&#99;&#97;&#116;&#97;&#108;&#97;&#110;&#45;&#116;&#105;&#111;&#45;&#100;&#101;&#45;&#110;&#97;&#100;&#97;&#108;&#45;&#111;&#114;&#45;&#99;&#104;&#114;&#105;&#115;&#116;&#109;&#97;&#115;&#45;&#108;&#111;&#103;&#47;\">Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28,27],"tags":[29,30,42],"class_list":["post-941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advent-botany","category-science-communication","tag-adventbotany","tag-adventbotany2019","tag-quercus-suber"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - 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