{"id":19352,"date":"2020-01-06T13:58:38","date_gmt":"2020-01-06T13:58:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/?p=19352"},"modified":"2023-04-24T12:53:17","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T11:53:17","slug":"climate-change-six-positive-news-stories-from-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2020\/01\/06\/climate-change-six-positive-news-stories-from-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate change: six positive news stories from 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Extreme weather events may be becoming more frequent, but at least we’re getting better at forecasting them. Professor Hannah Cloke contributes to a round-up of some good news stories about climate change from the past year published in The Conversation<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Flooding
Flooding in Mozambique following Cyclone Idai, March 2019. Image credit: Denis Onyodi\/Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

<\/p>\n

The climate breakdown continues. Over the past year, The Conversation has covered\u00a0fires in the Amazon<\/a>, melting\u00a0glaciers in the Andes<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Greenland<\/a>,\u00a0record CO\u2082 emissions<\/a>, and temperatures so hot they\u2019re pushing the human body to its\u00a0thermal limits<\/a>. Even the big UN climate talks were largely\u00a0disappointing<\/a>.<\/p>\n

But climate researchers have not given up hope. We asked a few Conversation authors to highlight some more positive stories from 2019.<\/p>\n

Costa Rica offers us a viable climate future<\/strong><\/p>\n

Heather Alberro, associate lecturer in political ecology, Nottingham Trent University<\/em><\/p>\n

After decades of climate talks, including the recent COP25 in Madrid, emissions have only continued to rise. Indeed, a recent UN report noted that a fivefold increase in current national climate change mitigation efforts would be needed to meet the 1.5\u2103 limit on warming by 2030. With the radical transformations needed in our global transport, housing, agricultural and energy systems in order to help mitigate looming climate and ecological breakdown, it can be easy to lose hope.<\/p>\n

However, countries like Costa Rica offer us promising examples of the \u201cpossible\u201d. The Central American nation has implemented a refreshingly ambitious plan to completely\u00a0decarbonise its economy by 2050<\/a>. In the lead-up to this, last year with its economy still growing at 3%, Costa Rica was able to derive\u00a098% of its electricity from renewable sources<\/a>. Such an example demonstrates that with sufficient political will, it is possible to meet the daunting challenges ahead.<\/p>\n

Financial investors are cooling on fossil fuels<\/strong><\/p>\n

Richard Hodgkins, senior lecturer in physical geography, Loughborough University<\/em><\/p>\n

Movements such as\u00a0350.org<\/a>\u00a0have long argued for fossil fuel divestment, but they have recently been joined by institutional investors such as\u00a0Climate Action 100+<\/a>, which is using the influence of its US$35 trillion of managed funds, arguing that minimising climate breakdown risks and maximising renewables\u2019 growth opportunities are a fiduciary duty.<\/p>\n

Moody\u2019s credit-rating agency recently flagged ExxonMobil for falling revenues despite rising expenditure,\u00a0noting<\/a>: \u201cThe negative outlook also reflects the emerging threat to oil and gas companies\u2019 profitability [\u2026] from growing efforts by many nations to mitigate the impacts of climate change through tax and regulatory policies.\u201d<\/p>\n

A more adverse financial environment for fossil fuel companies reduces the likelihood of new development in business frontier regions\u00a0such as the Arctic<\/a>, and indeed, major investment bank\u00a0Goldman Sachs<\/a>\u00a0has declared that it \u201cwill decline any financing transaction that directly supports new upstream Arctic oil exploration or development\u201d.<\/p>\n

We are getting much better at forecasting disaster<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hannah Cloke, professor of hydrology, University of Reading<\/em><\/p>\n

In March and April 2019, two enormous tropical cyclones hit the south-east coast of Africa, killing\u00a0more than 600 people\u00a0and leaving nearly 2 million people in desperate need of emergency aid.<\/p>\n

There isn\u2019t much that is positive about that, and there\u2019s nothing new about cyclones. But this time scientists were able to provide the first\u00a0early warning of the impending flood disaster<\/a>\u00a0by linking together accurate medium-range forecasts of the cyclone with the best ever simulations of flood risk. This meant that the UK government, for example, set about working with aid agencies in the region to start delivering emergency supplies to the area that would flood, all before Cyclone Kenneth had even gathered pace in the Indian Ocean.<\/p>\n

We know that the risk of dangerous floods is increasing as the climate continues to change. Even with ambitious action to reduce greenhouse gases, we must deal with the impact of a warmer more chaotic world. We will have to continue using the best available science to prepare ourselves for whatever is likely to come over the horizon.<\/p>\n

Local authorities across the world are declaring a \u2018climate emergency\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marc Hudson, researcher in sustainable consumption, University of Manchester<\/em><\/p>\n

More than\u00a01,200 local authorities around the world<\/a>\u00a0declared a \u201cclimate emergency\u201d in 2019. I think there are\u00a0two obvious dangers<\/a>: first, it invites authoritarian responses (stop breeding! Stop criticising our plans for geoengineering!). And second, an \u201cemergency\u201d declaration may simply be a greenwash followed by business-as-usual.<\/p>\n

In Manchester, where I live and research, the City Council is greenwashing. A nice declaration in July was followed by more flights for staff (to places just a few hours away by train), and further car parks and roads. The deadline for a \u201cbring zero-carbon date forward?<\/a>\u201d report has been ignored.<\/p>\n

But these civic declarations have also kicked off a wave of civic activism, as campaigners have found city councils easier to hold to account than national governments. I\u2019m part of an activist group called \u201cClimate Emergency Manchester\u201d \u2013 we inform citizens and lobby councillors. We\u2019ve\u00a0assessed progress so far<\/a>, based on Freedom of Information Act requests, and produced a \u201cwhat could be done?<\/a>\u201d report. As the council falls further behind on its promises, we will be stepping up our activity, trying to pressure it to do the right thing.<\/p>\n

Radical climate policy goes mainstream<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00e9nes Csala, lecturer in energy system dynamics, Lancaster University<\/em><\/p>\n

Before the 2019 UK general election, I\u00a0compared the Conservative and Labour election manifestos<\/a>, from a climate and energy perspective. Although the party with the clearly weaker plan won eventually, I am still stubborn enough to be hopeful with regard to the future of political action on climate change.<\/p>\n

For the first time, in a major economy, a leading party\u2019s manifesto had at its core climate action, transport electrification and full energy system decarbonisation, all on a timescale compatible with IPCC directives to avoid catastrophic climate change. This means the discussion that has been cooking at the highest levels since the 2015 Paris Agreement has started to boil down into tangible policies.<\/p>\n

Young people are on the march!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mark Maslin, professor of earth system science, UCL<\/em><\/p>\n

In 2019, public awareness of climate change rose sharply, driven by the schools strikes, Extinction Rebellion, high impact IPCC reports, improved media coverage, a BBC One climate change documentary and the UK and other governments declaring a climate emergency. Two recent polls suggest that over\u00a075% of Americans accept humans have caused climate change<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Empowerment of the first truly\u00a0globalised generation<\/a>\u00a0has catalysed this new urgency. Young people can access knowledge at the click of a button. They know climate change science is real and see through the\u00a0deniers\u2019 lies<\/a>\u00a0because this generation does not access traditional media \u2013 in fact, they bypass it.<\/p>\n

The awareness and concern regarding climate change will continue to grow. Next year will be an even bigger year as the UK will chair the\u00a0UN climate change negotiations<\/a>\u00a0in Glasgow \u2013 and expectation are running high.<\/p>\n

This post first appeared on The Conversation, 28 December 2018<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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