{"id":23396,"date":"2022-01-28T08:30:14","date_gmt":"2022-01-28T08:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/?p=23396"},"modified":"2022-02-02T11:52:45","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T11:52:45","slug":"four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/","title":{"rendered":"Four surprising ways climate change is affecting people\u2019s health in England and Wales"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When you take age out of the equation, temperature-related deaths are on the decline in England and Wales. That\u2019s according to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/articles\/climaterelatedmortalityandhospitaladmissionsenglandandwales\/2001to2020\">latest figures<\/a>\u00a0from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). But more people are going to hospital, compared with 20 years ago.<\/p>\n<p>It turns out, that\u2019s not the only surprise in this new report. Here\u2019s how else climate change is affecting health in Britain.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-23397 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/2022\/01\/jack-atkinson-L8NMMGQAHM0-unsplash-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/2022\/01\/jack-atkinson-L8NMMGQAHM0-unsplash-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/2022\/01\/jack-atkinson-L8NMMGQAHM0-unsplash-1-300x144.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. Deaths during heatwaves are increasing<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>By reporting the number of climate-related deaths per 100,000 people for each age cohort, the study effectively hid the influence of age, making factors like temperature easier to compare over time.<\/p>\n<p>Looking at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/excess-mortality-in-english-regions\">excess mortality rate<\/a>\u00a0instead tells us how deaths linked to a certain cause \u2013 such as heart disease or road traffic accidents \u2013 have increased compared with the average death rate over the last five years. Using this measure reveals that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/phe-heatwave-mortality-monitoring\/heatwave-mortality-monitoring-report-2020\">excess deaths<\/a>\u00a0of all causes have increased in Britain during heatwaves since 2001, especially among people over 65.<\/p>\n<p>Despite this, the weighted death rate is lower today than two decades ago, perhaps because of better\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org\/countries\/united-kingdom\/#:%7E:text=The%20United%20Kingdom%20ranks%20above,work%2Dlife%20balance%20and%20housing.\">living conditions<\/a>\u00a0and an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/lifeexpectancies\/bulletins\/nationallifetablesunitedkingdom\/2018to2020\">increase in life expectancy<\/a>\u00a0more generally.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Respiratory deaths up on hot and cold days<\/h3>\n<p>Deaths from respiratory diseases have increased on cold days as well as warm ones since 2001 according to the ONS report.<\/p>\n<p>One reason for this may be that these weather conditions are often associated with higher levels of air pollution. The wood-burning stoves some homes use during colder weather are now a bigger source of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2021\/feb\/16\/home-wood-burning-biggest-cause-particle-pollution-fires\">fine particulate pollution<\/a>\u00a0(38%) than road traffic in the UK.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.metoffice.gov.uk\/weather\/learn-about\/weather\/how-weather-works\/high-and-low-pressure\/blocks#:%7E:text=Blocks%20are%20areas%20of%20high,eastward%20progression%20of%20pressure%20systems.\">Settled periods<\/a>\u00a0in the atmosphere often give rise to clear skies and lots of sunshine which can cause\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/acp.copernicus.org\/preprints\/acp-2021-297\/acp-2021-297.pdf\">heatwaves<\/a>. The air pressure systems causing this also allow pollution to accumulate overhead as the air\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/uk-air.defra.gov.uk\/library\/assets\/documents\/reports\/aqeg\/fullreport.pdf\">remains trapped<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 exacerbating respiratory illnesses.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Drowning is a leading cause of death on hot days<\/h3>\n<p>More people died from drowning on hot days than of heat stroke annually between 2001 and 2020. There were around 22 extra\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itv.com\/news\/2021-07-23\/warnings-issued-after-at-least-20-water-deaths-amid-uk-heatwave\">drowning deaths during hot weather<\/a>\u00a0in summer 2020 compared with 2001 in England and Wales. And despite a fall in the overall number of people dying\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalwatersafety.org.uk\/media\/1005\/uk-drowning-prevention-strategy.pdf\">annually from drowning since 2001<\/a>, there has been an uptick since 2019.<\/p>\n<p>Many of these cases may involve people who bathed in rivers or the sea to escape the heat. Jumping into cold water when your body is hot can cause it to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.local.gov.uk\/about\/news\/heatwave-bathers-warned-drowning-risk-following-recent-deaths\">go into shock<\/a>, and drowning is a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalwatersafety.org.uk\/media\/1005\/uk-drowning-prevention-strategy.pdf\">leading cause of accidental death<\/a>\u00a0in the UK. More people died as a result of recreational swimming in the last 20 years than flooding.<\/p>\n<p>The increasing popularity of wild swimming may be responsible, and should prompt better information on rivers and beaches to alert people\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalwatersafety.org.uk\/news\/posts\/2021\/may\/public-urged-to-respect-the-water-as-new-statistics-show-drowning-deaths-increased-last-year-with-more-dying-inland-than-around-the-coast\">to the risks<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Warm weather is raising hospital admissions<\/h3>\n<p>The number of hospital patients admitted during cold weather has fallen over the last 20 years as winters in the UK have become milder. This is despite winter months being known as the busiest for hospitals. In comparison, the number of people admitted with a condition related to high temperatures, such as heat stroke in warm weather has increased by 12,086 a year on average for the past decade.<\/p>\n<p>There were 2,325 more patients admitted for mental health treatment in the warmest four months of the year (June, July, August and September) in 2018 compared with when the records began in 2010 in England as well. Heatwaves tend to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/heatwaves-dont-just-give-you-sunburn-they-can-harm-your-mental-health-too-121203\">make mental illness worse<\/a>, as our bodies produce more of the stress hormone cortisol in extreme heat. But this finding alone is not enough to indicate a trend of increasing hospitalisations for mental health treatment since 2010.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/dehydration\/\">Dehydration<\/a>\u00a0was a leading cause of hospital admissions up to 2018 and around 800 more people were admitted to hospital due to dehydration on average in England in 2018 compared with a decade earlier in 2010. However, the report does not indicate an increasing trend since 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Climate change will become a bigger influence on human health in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/one-in-three-heat-deaths-since-1991-linked-to-climate-change-heres-how-else-warming-affects-our-health-161761\">all regions of the world<\/a>\u00a0in the future. This report suggests that the health consequences of Britain\u2019s climate warming have been relatively mild so far. But that is not a cause for complacency.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"fn author-name\">Chloe Brimicombe is a heatwave hazard Ph<\/span>D researcher at the University of Reading.<\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales-175099\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation<\/a>\u00a0under a Creative Commons license.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When you take age out of the equation, temperature-related deaths are on the decline in England and Wales. That\u2019s according to the\u00a0latest figures\u00a0from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). But&#8230;<a class=\"read-more\" href=\"&#104;&#116;&#116;&#112;&#115;&#58;&#47;&#47;&#114;&#101;&#115;&#101;&#97;&#114;&#99;&#104;&#46;&#114;&#101;&#97;&#100;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#46;&#97;&#99;&#46;&#117;&#107;&#47;&#114;&#101;&#115;&#101;&#97;&#114;&#99;&#104;&#45;&#98;&#108;&#111;&#103;&#47;&#50;&#48;&#50;&#50;&#47;&#48;&#49;&#47;&#50;&#56;&#47;&#102;&#111;&#117;&#114;&#45;&#115;&#117;&#114;&#112;&#114;&#105;&#115;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#45;&#119;&#97;&#121;&#115;&#45;&#99;&#108;&#105;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#101;&#45;&#99;&#104;&#97;&#110;&#103;&#101;&#45;&#105;&#115;&#45;&#97;&#102;&#102;&#101;&#99;&#116;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#45;&#112;&#101;&#111;&#112;&#108;&#101;&#115;&#45;&#104;&#101;&#97;&#108;&#116;&#104;&#45;&#105;&#110;&#45;&#101;&#110;&#103;&#108;&#97;&#110;&#100;&#45;&#97;&#110;&#100;&#45;&#119;&#97;&#108;&#101;&#115;&#47;\">Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":469,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1785,13],"tags":[189,423,1469,1964,941],"class_list":["post-23396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agriculture-food-and-health","category-environment","tag-climate-change","tag-health-2","tag-heatwaves","tag-mortality","tag-weather"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Four surprising ways climate change is affecting people\u2019s health in England and Wales - Connecting Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Four surprising ways climate change is affecting people\u2019s health in England and Wales - Connecting Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When you take age out of the equation, temperature-related deaths are on the decline in England and Wales. That\u2019s according to the\u00a0latest figures\u00a0from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). But...Read More &gt;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Connecting Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/theuniversityofreading\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-28T08:30:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-02-02T11:52:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/2022\/01\/jack-atkinson-L8NMMGQAHM0-unsplash-1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Donna Walton\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UniRdg_Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UniRdg_Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Donna Walton\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Donna Walton\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/#\/schema\/person\/ed94c3d9e2aa2dce8ea35fee5b9664bf\"},\"headline\":\"Four surprising ways climate change is affecting people\u2019s health in England and Wales\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-28T08:30:14+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-02-02T11:52:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/01\/28\/four-surprising-ways-climate-change-is-affecting-peoples-health-in-england-and-wales\/\"},\"wordCount\":717,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"climate change\",\"health\",\"heatwaves\",\"mortality\",\"weather\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Agriculture, Food &amp; 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