{"id":23560,"date":"2022-02-22T08:55:56","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T08:55:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/?p=23560"},"modified":"2023-02-23T11:25:32","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T11:25:32","slug":"time-for-the-uk-to-say-goodbye-to-drive-throughs-for-the-sake-of-our-environment-our-health-and-our-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2022\/02\/22\/time-for-the-uk-to-say-goodbye-to-drive-throughs-for-the-sake-of-our-environment-our-health-and-our-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Time for the UK to say goodbye to drive-throughs: for the sake of our environment, our health \u2013 and our culture"},"content":{"rendered":"

Drive-throughs<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 services that let people order and collect food and drink without needing to leave their cars \u2013 are designed with convenience in mind. Whether it\u2019s oppressively hot, uncomfortably cold, or we\u2019re just in a hurry, drive-throughs have become very appealing in an era characterised by a desire for\u00a0immediacy<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In the UK, where there are around\u00a02,000 drive-throughs<\/a>, it\u2019s not unusual to see snaking queues of vehicles whose drivers are waiting for their turn to make, pay for, and collect their orders.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

In fact, drive-throughs are on an upward trajectory in the UK. There was a\u00a041% increase<\/a>\u00a0in the number of drive-throughs between 2015 and 2020, and\u00a012% of sales<\/a>\u00a0at fast food restaurants and coffee chains were made through their drive-through sites in the year to March 2021: jumping 50% from pre-COVID figures.<\/p>\n

This service has become indispensable for many. Drive-throughs provide benefits for people with mobility challenges as well as those with intensely busy schedules or people wrangling small children. In the US, even some banks and pharmacies offer drive-through options. And by helping customers avoid indoor dining, drive-throughs may have also helped limit the spread of COVID-19. But drive-throughs come at a cost.<\/p>\n

First, drive-throughs require excessive idling, something that is\u00a0banned<\/a>\u00a0on public roads in the UK but regularly and casually done in drive-through queues. In addition to increasing emissions,\u00a0wasting fuel<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0damaging engines<\/a>, exhaust pipe emissions associated with idling create\u00a0local air pollution<\/a>\u00a0with serious environmental and health consequences.<\/p>\n

Poor air quality is already a widespread problem in the UK where more than two-thirds of local authorities\u00a0breach<\/a>\u00a0air quality targets. Even if we were to meet these targets, the\u00a0Royal College of Physicians<\/a>\u00a0has warned that only a fraction of incidences of air quality-related illnesses \u2013\u00a0including<\/a>\u00a0lung cancer, asthma attacks, and overall lower life expectancy \u2013 would be prevented. Currently, air pollution leads to\u00a040,000 deaths<\/a>\u00a0per year in the UK, with annual costs to the NHS of more than \u00a320 billion.<\/p>\n

In light of the ongoing\u00a0transition<\/a>\u00a0towards electric vehicles, the environmental concerns of idling will diminish. The UK\u2019s plan to\u00a0phase out<\/a>\u00a0sales of internal combustion engines will also reduce\u00a0exhaust pipe emissions<\/a>\u00a0as we head towards 2050.<\/p>\n

Yet even so, emissions from brake wear and tyre wear are respectively responsible for\u00a016-55%<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a05-30%<\/a>\u00a0of non-exhaust emissions in UK towns and cities. That means air pollution and its associated health effects will not be completely resolved by the switch to electric cars.<\/p>\n

The bottom line<\/h3>\n

Around the world, cities have begun to crack down on the drive-through, despite\u00a0renewed investment<\/a>\u00a0following the pandemic. Some regions in\u00a0Canada<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0United States<\/a>\u00a0have already banned or restricted new drive-throughs, while cities such as\u00a0Glasgow<\/a>\u00a0are beginning to consider following suit. As the UK tries to\u00a0reduce car ownership<\/a>\u00a0and use, drive-throughs will also inevitably be discouraged.<\/p>\n

Curbing the expansion of drive-throughs now will not severely affect UK restaurants\u2019 revenue: especially given their relatively low market share when you consider that\u00a070%<\/a>\u00a0of fast food sales in the United States are made via drive-throughs. However, the negative implications of \u201cdrive-through culture\u201d have deeper roots.<\/p>\n

Car-centric transport planning has dominated UK urban development since the\u00a0second world war<\/a>. It has increased congestion and contributed to public health problems such as the effects of poor air quality and the\u00a0growing incidence of obesity<\/a>, while cutting the\u00a0share of trips<\/a>\u00a0taken via more environmentally friendly options such as\u00a0public transport<\/a>,\u00a0cycling<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0walking<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Urban development that prioritises cars is also inconsistent with UK government goals to improve\u00a0wellbeing<\/a>,\u00a0food systems<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0public health<\/a>. Instead, building cities with wider pavements, segregated bicycle paths and widespread public transport \u2013 where we can reduce our\u00a0reliance<\/a>\u00a0on cars and fast food \u2013 represents the healthy urban future that\u00a0experts<\/a>\u00a0suggest we should\u00a0try to create<\/a>.<\/p>\n

And for those with mobility or childcare issues, the growth of smartphone apps enabling\u00a0restaurant-to-car delivery<\/a>\u00a0outside of drive-throughs allows people to conveniently and safely collect food without needing to queue. Food\u00a0delivery apps<\/a>\u00a0whose riders use bicycles can also help reduce car trips while maintaining convenience.<\/p>\n

Collectively, we need to reflect on the profoundly negative effects of living in a society that has become so\u00a0pressed for time<\/a>\u00a0that we cannot afford to get out of our cars to collect food, let alone to\u00a0eat it<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fundamentally, drive-throughs are symptomatic of a mode of living from which we need to move away \u2013 for the sake of our planet. Limiting them in the UK would be a sign of progress not just for the environment but for our society too.<\/p>\n

Dr Eugene Mohareb is Lecturer in Sustainable Urban Systems at the University of Reading. Dr Sybil Derrible is Associate Professor of Urban Engineering at the University of Illinois at Chicago.<\/p>\n

This article is republished from The Conversation<\/a>\u00a0under a Creative Commons license.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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