{"id":31441,"date":"2025-06-23T15:19:03","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T14:19:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/?p=31441"},"modified":"2025-07-23T15:34:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T14:34:28","slug":"one-year-on-south-africas-coalition-government-boosted-optimism-but-will-it-last","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2025\/06\/23\/one-year-on-south-africas-coalition-government-boosted-optimism-but-will-it-last\/","title":{"rendered":"One year on: South Africa\u2019s coalition government boosted optimism, but will it last?"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=”31442″ img_size=”large” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]For the first time since the end of apartheid in 1994, the ruling African National Congress lost its parliamentary majority in 2024. After 30 years in power, it had to\u00a0form<\/a>\u00a0a coalition with 10 other political parties to govern the country. The creation of the \u201cgovernment of national unity\u201d marked a turning point in the country\u2019s democracy.<\/p>\n

This development appears to have rekindled hope and positive sentiment among South Africans about the country\u2019s future and its democratic processes.<\/p>\n

The period leading up to the 2024 elections was characterised by widespread pessimism. Years of economic stagnation, high unemployment, severe electricity shortages, and high-level corruption cases had taken their toll on public trust and satisfaction with the ANC\u2019s governance. Previous analyses by Afrobarometer (a research network that conducts public attitude surveys) had consistently shown declining satisfaction with the country\u2019s direction and the functioning of democracy.<\/p>\n

We are political scientists<\/a>\u00a0who have worked with public opinion data in South Africa for almost a decade. We analysed data from a\u00a0special Afrobarometer survey<\/a>\u00a0just before and after the country\u2019s 2024 election. The results show a sharp turnaround in attitudes on three issues: the direction of the country, government performance, and views on democracy.<\/p>\n

One of the most\u00a0significant findings<\/a>\u00a0is the shift in citizens\u2019 perceptions about the general direction of the country. Before the election, a\u00a0mere 14% of South Africans<\/a>\u00a0believed the country was heading in the right direction. Post-election, this figure surged to 39%.<\/p>\n

South Africans\u2019 renewed optimism after the formation of the unity government underscores the importance of electoral processes in shaping citizen perceptions of democracy and governance. Whether these sentiments are sustained will depend on a few things, including the coalition government\u2019s ability to meet citizen expectations and address their most pressing concerns.<\/p>\n

The post-election optimism boost<\/h2>\n

Afrobarometer interviewed the same group of adult South Africans before (April\/May 2024) and after (August\/September 2024) the election. This allowed us to track which respondents changed their views and in which direction. Here, we focus on citizens\u2019 views of the overall direction of the country (optimism), government performance, and views on democracy.<\/p>\n

A surge in optimism<\/strong>: The data show that 35% of the population became more positive in their outlook after the election. This was consistent across gender, age, and education levels. At the same time, 4% of the population maintained their positive outlook on the country\u2019s trajectory.<\/p>\n

About half (48%) continued to say that South Africa was going in the wrong direction after the election. A further 10% moved towards a negative outlook.<\/p>\n

Renewed faith in democratic processes<\/strong>: Beyond general optimism, there was a resurgence in pro-democratic attitudes. The proportion of South Africans who believe democracy is preferable to any other form of government increased from 45% before the election to 55% after. Satisfaction with the way democracy works in South Africa jumped from 36% to 59%. These levels of support for and satisfaction with democracy were the highest recorded by Afrobarometer in South Africa since 2018 and 2011, respectively.<\/p>\n

We found that three in 10 (29%) respondents were newly in favour of democracy after the elections. About four in 10 (39%) shifted from dissatisfaction or a neutral opinion before the election to stating they were \u201cfairly\u201d or \u201cvery\u201d satisfied with the country\u2019s democracy afterwards.<\/p>\n

Where are the sore losers?<\/strong>: In both the case of support for and satisfaction with democracy, we found that a greater proportion of poorer citizens shifted their opinions, compared to their wealthier counterparts. In contrast, there were no clear patterns of opinion change by respondents\u2019 gender, age, level of education, or race.<\/p>\n

When examining the same question by party affiliation, the outcome was interesting. The share of partisans who preferred democracy increased among supporters of the ANC, the\u00a0Economic Freedom Fighters<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0MK Party<\/a>\u00a0after the election. A majority of supporters from the four major parties were satisfied with how democracy worked in the country.<\/p>\n

Even ANC supporters remained largely satisfied with democracy despite the party\u2019s electoral losses. Collectively, these findings suggest a post-electoral vote of confidence in multiparty competition.<\/p>\n

Expectations of the new government<\/strong>: Citizens also appeared more hopeful about the new coalition government\u2019s ability to tackle some of the nation\u2019s most pressing issues. Pre-election evaluations of government performance on key services were overwhelmingly negative. The post-election wave showed some modest increases in optimism.<\/p>\n

Two-thirds (67%) of South Africans felt the government of national unity would be more effective in the critical area of electricity provision. There was also hope for progress in other areas; 42% expected the new government to be more effective in creating jobs. Another 41% believed it would be more successful in fighting corruption.<\/p>\n

Over the past year, the government seems to have met citizens\u2019 expectations. South Africa has not experienced prolonged periods of power cuts over the past 12 months. However, the unemployment rate has remained unchanged, at 32.9%.<\/p>\n

Looking ahead<\/h2>\n

The 2024 elections in South Africa seem to have served as an inflection point. It is contributing to a revival of optimism and pro-democratic sentiment. The shift from pre-election pessimism to post-election hope was palpable. Maintaining renewed public confidence, however, relies on a government\u2019s ability to meet citizens\u2019 expectations and deliver tangible improvements on their concerns.<\/p>\n

The ongoing skirmishes between the ANC and the\u00a0Democratic Alliance<\/a>\u00a0illustrate the coalition government\u2019s difficulty in translating agreement on a broad agenda into specific outcomes.<\/p>\n

The coming months and years will tell whether the unity government\u2019s infighting ultimately squanders citizens\u2019 goodwill.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Matthias Kr\u00f6nke<\/a> is a Lecturer in Comparative Politics at the University of Reading.<\/p>\n

This article is republished from\u00a0The Conversation<\/a>\u00a0under a Creative Commons license. Read the\u00a0original article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Photo by Jacques Nel<\/a> on Unsplash<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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