{"id":4321,"date":"2018-12-17T16:38:55","date_gmt":"2018-12-17T16:38:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/?p=4321"},"modified":"2018-12-17T16:56:49","modified_gmt":"2018-12-17T16:56:49","slug":"why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Brexit is causing turmoil for the pound and other markets"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>The uncertainties posed by Brexit are playing havoc with the pound and other markets. Henley Business School&#8217;s Andrew Urquhart and Trinity College Dublin&#8217;s Brian Lucey chart Sterling&#8217;s bumpy ride since the 2016 referendum, and what might happen next,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets-108577\">in a recent post for The Conversation<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4324\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/Brexit-pound-coin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/Brexit-pound-coin.jpg 640w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/Brexit-pound-coin-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><!--more-->Uncertainty over what is happening with Brexit caused the pound to take another\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/business-46510636\">significant dive<\/a>\u00a0on December 10. It was the day before MPs were due to vote on the proposed Brexit deal agreed between the UK and the EU. The deal had\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/uk\/politics\/brexit-latest-theresa-may-chequers-cabinet-deal-business-leaders-a8435776.html\">backing from business leaders\u00a0<\/a>because of the certainty it brought and the fact that it kept the UK in the free trade area for goods.<\/p>\n<p>But the prime minister\u2019s decision on December 10 to call off the vote means investors \u2013 like everyone else \u2013 were left with little idea of what will happen next. Interestingly, the internal Conservative party challenge to Theresa May\u2019s leadership that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/theresa-mays-handling-of-brexit-is-a-classic-case-of-bad-leadership-108646\">took place<\/a>\u00a0this week has had little impact on the financial markets \u2013 probably because the challenge does not change the fundamental uncertainty that surrounds the UK\u2019s future relationship with the EU. Market turbulence, no matter how unpleasant, is both to be expected and to be somewhat welcomed, as it provides an unbiased verdict on political events.<\/p>\n<p>The impact of Brexit on financial markets began in earnest in June 2016 when the British public voted to leave the EU. Given that many opinion polls suggested the Remain campaign would win, this came as a big shock to markets. The day after the referendum, June 24, the pound sterling fell to its lowest level against the US dollar\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/brexit-shock-has-caused-a-sterling-crash-of-historic-proportions-heres-just-how-bad-it-is-for-the-pound-62191\">since 1985<\/a>, marking the pound down 10% against the US dollar and 7% against the euro. The FTSE 100 index lost nearly \u00a385 billion and had fallen more than 500 points, while the FTSE 250 was down nearly 14%.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4322\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4322\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4322\" src=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/file-20181211-76989-1gc81yt.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/file-20181211-76989-1gc81yt.png 1000w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/file-20181211-76989-1gc81yt-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/file-20181211-76989-1gc81yt-768x495.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4322\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pound sterling against the US dollar (source: xe.com)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The impact of the vote was not just contained in the UK. The euro was down almost 4% against the US dollar on June 24, and the French and German markets both fell by more than 10% upon opening. The Chinese yuan also fell dramatically, as did markets in the US, Canada and Brazil.<\/p>\n<p>This sudden fall in equity and currency markets was mostly down to the uncertainty associated with the outcome of the vote. Financial markets traditionally\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/brexit-why-uncertainty-is-bad-for-economies-64334\">react negatively to uncertainty<\/a>\u00a0as investors aim to hedge the risk of the outcome and invest in so called \u201csafe-haven\u201d assets such as gold. Uncertainty here should not be confused with risk \u2013 risk can be quantified and its magnitude fed into pricing and value models, but this is not the case with uncertainty.<\/p>\n<p>This was seen after the Brexit vote itself when the price of gold increased quite considerably. Financial markets and sterling have both recovered somewhat from June 2016, with sterling rising whenever some positive news or certainty over future relations has come to the fore.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Endless uncertainty?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the Brexit deal had gone ahead and been passed by MPs, this would have brought certainty over what the future looks like. Sterling would have stabilised and increased in value. But it would not necessarily have meant an increase for the FTSE 100.<\/p>\n<p>There is usually a negative correlation between markets and their own currency, since a fall in sterling generates higher revenues from UK firms that sell their goods abroad. Therefore the reaction of the stock market may be quite different to that of sterling in the long run. But in the short term, a deal would bring certainty and therefore we would expect an initial appreciation of sterling and possible rise in the FTSE 100 as investors have more confidence in the UK market.<\/p>\n<p>As it is, there are a number of scenarios that could play out:<\/p>\n<p>1. A vote on a revised deal<br \/>\n2. No deal<br \/>\n3. A second referendum<br \/>\n4. A no confidence vote<br \/>\n5. General election<\/p>\n<p>Any of these five outcomes brings huge uncertainty \u2013 not to mention the uncertainty over which of these paths will be taken \u2013 that could go on for weeks. Therefore we would expect sterling to depreciate considerably and an initial sell off in the FTSE100.<\/p>\n<p>Investors are moving their assets from UK stocks to safer assets, such as gold, government bonds and to other currencies such as the Japanese yen and Australian dollar that may actually benefit from the ongoing uncertainty in the UK. There was\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/702e5dbc-ed8d-11e8-89c8-d36339d835c0\">suggestion<\/a>\u00a0that some MPs would have voted for May\u2019s Brexit deal just to avoid the potentially huge negative impact of a no deal on financial markets, even if they were not entirely happy with the deal.<\/p>\n<p>Many investors may have already hedged their portfolio so that whatever the outcome is, they will be unaffected. Nevertheless, Brexit \u2013 and the uncertainty that surrounds it \u2013 will continue to have a dramatic effect on the financial markets of the UK, Europe and beyond. Investors with skin in the game will take a cold hard look at the chaotic state of UK politics and deliver their unsentimental judgement.<\/p>\n<p><em>This post <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets-108577\">first appeared on The Conversation, 12 December 2018<\/a>. Dr Andrew Urquhart is Associate Professor of Finance at the ICMA Centre, Henley Business School, University of Reading. His main research interests are financial markets, investor behaviour, high-frequency trading, cryptocurrencies and investor sentiment.\u00a0\u00a0He is currently working on projects involving high-frequency trading, CEO education and the effect on firm performance, as well as numerous projects related to cryptocurrencies and their impact on financial markets and society.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The uncertainties posed by Brexit are playing havoc with the pound and other markets. Henley Business School&#8217;s Andrew Urquhart and Trinity College Dublin&#8217;s Brian Lucey chart Sterling&#8217;s bumpy ride since&#8230;<a class=\"read-more\" href=\"&#104;&#116;&#116;&#112;&#115;&#58;&#47;&#47;&#114;&#101;&#115;&#101;&#97;&#114;&#99;&#104;&#46;&#114;&#101;&#97;&#100;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#46;&#97;&#99;&#46;&#117;&#107;&#47;&#114;&#101;&#115;&#101;&#97;&#114;&#99;&#104;&#45;&#98;&#108;&#111;&#103;&#47;&#50;&#48;&#49;&#56;&#47;&#49;&#50;&#47;&#49;&#55;&#47;&#119;&#104;&#121;&#45;&#98;&#114;&#101;&#120;&#105;&#116;&#45;&#105;&#115;&#45;&#99;&#97;&#117;&#115;&#105;&#110;&#103;&#45;&#116;&#117;&#114;&#109;&#111;&#105;&#108;&#45;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#45;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#45;&#112;&#111;&#117;&#110;&#100;&#45;&#97;&#110;&#100;&#45;&#111;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#114;&#45;&#109;&#97;&#114;&#107;&#101;&#116;&#115;&#47;\">Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":127,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"__cvm_playback_settings":[],"__cvm_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[136,1158,363,1160,1159,870,1161],"class_list":["post-4321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prosperity-resilience","tag-brexit","tag-currency","tag-finance","tag-financial-markets","tag-sterling","tag-the-conversation","tag-uk-economy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why Brexit is causing turmoil for the pound and other markets - Connecting Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why Brexit is causing turmoil for the pound and other markets - Connecting Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The uncertainties posed by Brexit are playing havoc with the pound and other markets. Henley Business School&#8217;s Andrew Urquhart and Trinity College Dublin&#8217;s Brian Lucey chart Sterling&#8217;s bumpy ride since...Read More &gt;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Connecting Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/theuniversityofreading\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-12-17T16:38:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-12-17T16:56:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/72\/Unorganized\/Brexit-pound-coin.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sarah Harrop\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@UniRdg_Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@UniRdg_Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sarah Harrop\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sarah Harrop\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/#\/schema\/person\/99810845f887cb4c7aa3256ff496fd23\"},\"headline\":\"Why Brexit is causing turmoil for the pound and other markets\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-12-17T16:38:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-12-17T16:56:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/2018\/12\/17\/why-brexit-is-causing-turmoil-for-the-pound-and-other-markets\/\"},\"wordCount\":914,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/research.reading.ac.uk\/research-blog\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"brexit\",\"currency\",\"finance\",\"financial markets\",\"sterling\",\"The Conversation\",\"UK economy\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Prosperity &amp; 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