Professor of Meteorology

Responsibilities:

Associate Pro-Vice-Chancellor for research (Environment)

Research Interests:

• Mesoscale weather processes
• Extratropical, Arctic and Mediterrranean cyclones
• Predictability of weather forecasts, including ensemble forecasting
• Climatology of weather phenomena
• Midlatitude convection

Current Research Projects:

• Diabatic influences on current and future hazardous Med. cyclones (NERC-funded, 2024-2028)
• Convective Cloud-Dynamics-Turbulence Interactions with Microphysics and the Environment (CLOUDY TIME) (NERC-funded, 2023-2026), part of the ParaChute programme.

Recent Past Research Projects:

• Arctic Summer-time Cyclones: Dynamics and Sea-ice Interaction, funded by NERC)
• A prototype real-time sting jet precursor tool for forecasters (a component of the UK Climate Resilience programme, funded by NERC)
• Forecasting Rainfall exploiting new data Assimilation techniques and Novel observations of Convection (FRANC, funded by NERC).
• DIAbatic influence on Mesoscale structures in ExTratropical storms (DIAMET, funded by NERC).
• Precipitation structures over orography (PRESTO, funded by NERC).
• Sting jet windstorms in current and future climates (Funded by the AXA research fund).

Postdoctoral researchers & graduate student supervision

• Ambrogio Volonte is a Senior Research Fellow working on the Mediterranean cyclones project.
• Ben Harvey is a Senior Research Fellow working on the Mediterranean cyclones project.
• Andressa Cardosso is a postdoctoral researcher working on the Mediterranean cyclones project.
• Jake Bland is a postdoctoral reseacher working on the CLOUDY TIME project.
• Marta Moreno Ibanez is a part-time by distance PhD student working on Representation of polar lows in numerical weather forecasts (2024 start).
• Danqing Lou is a PhD student working on Hazardous Mediterranean cyclones in the current and future climate (co-supervised by Helen Dacre and Claudio Sanchez (Met Office), 2023 start).
• Emma Patmore is a part-time by distance PhD student working on Using operational forecasting insight to locate model errors (lead-supervised by Tom Frame, 2023 start).
• Xueqing Ling is a PhD student working on Development of Arctic cyclones (co-supervised by John Methven and Ambrogio Volonte, 2023 start).
• Kaustubh Mittal is a PhD student working on Discovering the Mechanisms Behind "Forecast Busts" (lead-supervised by Bob Plant with David Flack (Met Office) and Dave Parsons (NorthWest Research Associates), 2022 start).
• Doug Wood is a part-time PhD student working on Arctic predictability (co-supervised by John Methven and Mark Rodwell (ECMWF), 2022 start).
• Hette Houtman is a PhD student working on Trapped Lee Waves (co-supervised by Miguel Teixeira (Univ. Porto), Simon Vosper and Peter Sheridan (Met Office) and Annelize van Niekerk (ECMWF), 2022 start).
• Adam Gainford is a PhD student working on Convective-scale ensemble forecasts (co-supervised by Tom Frame, Aurore Porson and Marco Milan (both Met Office), 2021 start).

Centaur Publications

Jump to: 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2001 | 2000 | 1998 | 1996
Number of items: 122.
2024
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Volonte, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Harvey, B. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181 (2024) A global climatology of sting-jet extratropical cyclones. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 5 (4). pp. 1523-1544. ISSN 2698-4024 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1523-2024
Sanchez, C., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Volonte, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Pantillon, F., Berthou, S. and Davolio, S. (2024) The impact of preceding convection on the development of Medicane Ianos and the sensitivity to sea surface temperature. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 5 (4). pp. 1429-1455. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1429-2024 (In Press)
Bland, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-2853, Forbes, R., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2024) Processes controlling extratropical near-tropopause humidity and temperature in the ECMWF global weather forecast model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4873
Rivière, G., Delanoë, J., Doyle, J. D., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Barrell, C., Fearon, M., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Johnson, A., Jourdan, O., Lachlan-Cope, T., Renfrew, I., Torn, R. D., Volonte, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Weiss, A., Wimmer, M., Aubry, C., Baudoux, A., Bazile, E., Beeden, D., Bennett, M., Biernat, K., Bitz, C. M., Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, E., Bounissou, S., Bray, M., Burg, T., Burzdak, J., Businger, S., Capute, P., Caudoux, C., Cavallo, S., Cossalter, L., Cozzolino, C., Croad, H., Douet, V., Elvidge, A., Finocchio, P., Gourbeyre, C., Harvey, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Huet, K., Hutchinson, T., Ladkin, R., Marshland, K., Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Mioche, G., Pantillon, F., Paquette, C., Parsons, D. B., Persson, O., Raillard, L., Raut, J.-C., Seity, Y., Trules, J., Vignon, E. and Wang, X. (2024) The THINICE field campaign: Interactions between Arctic cyclones, tropopause polar vortices, clouds and sea ice in summer. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-23-0143.1 (In Press)
Pantillon, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-4428, Davolio, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8704-1814, Avolio, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9692-6208, Calvo-Sancho, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-9793, Carrió, D. S., Dafis, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-1930, Gentile, E. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5145, Gonzalez-Aleman, J. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-7356, Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Miglietta, M. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1595, Patlakas, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-6851, Pytharoulis, I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-5216, Ricard, D., Ricchi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-8442, Sanchez, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-6849 and Flaounas, E. (2024) The crucial representation of deep convection for the cyclogenesis of Medicane Ianos. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 5 (3). pp. 1187-1205. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1187-2024
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X (2024) Extreme low‐level wind jets in Storm Ciarán. Weather. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.7620
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2024) Mesoscale wind features in extratropical cyclones. In: Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Elsevier. ISBN 9780124095489 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-96026-7.00081-3
Gainford, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2484-8316, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Frame, T. H. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Porson, A. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-8522 and Milan, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-5365 (2024) Improvements in the spread–skill relationship of precipitation in a convective‐scale ensemble through blending. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4754
Charlton-Perez, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220, Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126, Driscoll, S., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Harvey, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Harvey, N. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-5794, Hunt, K. M. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-3755, Lee, R. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-5559, Swaminathan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5853-2673, Vandaele, R. and Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X (2024) Do AI models produce better weather forecasts than physics-based models? A quantitative evaluation case study of Storm Ciarán. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 7. 93. ISSN 2397-3722 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00638-w
Wernli, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-4837 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2024) The importance of diabatic processes for the dynamics of synoptic-scale extratropical weather systems – a review. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 5 (4). pp. 1299-1408. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1299-2024
2023
Flaounas, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-7817, Aragão, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-505X, Bernini, L., Dafis, S., Doiteau, B., Flocas, H., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Karwat, A., Kouroutzoglou, J., Lionello, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-5681, Miglietta, M. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1595, Pantillon, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-4428, Pasquero, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2211-7977, Patlakas, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-6851, Picornell, M. Á., Porcù, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-7679, Priestley, M. D. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5488-3959, Reale, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-8203, Roberts, M. J., Saaroni, H., Sandler, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-0209, Scoccimarro, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-4744, Sprenger, M. and Ziv, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3053-1374 (2023) A composite approach to produce reference datasets for extratropical cyclone tracks: application to Mediterranean cyclones. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 4 (3). pp. 639-661. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-639-2023
Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Martínez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Ackerley, D. (2023) Strong surface winds in Storm Eunice. Part 2: airstream analysis. Weather. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.4401
Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Martínez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Ackerley, D. (2023) Strong surface winds in Storm Eunice. Part 1: storm overview and indications of sting-jet activity from observations and model data. Weather. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.4402
Gentile, E. S. and Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2023) Attribution of observed extreme marine wind speeds and associated hazards to midlatitude cyclone conveyor belt jets near the British Isles. International Journal of Climatology, 43 (6). pp. 2735-2753. ISSN 0899-8418 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7999
Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Brohan, P., Burgess, S. N., Burt, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-6546, Compo, G. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-9633, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Haigh, I. D., Hersbach, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-7071, Kuijjer, K., Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, McColl, C., Schurer, A. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9176-3622, Slivinski, L. and Williams, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-4481 (2023) Rescuing historical weather observations improves quantification of severe windstorm risks. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 23 (4). pp. 1465-1482. ISSN 1684-9981 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-1465-2023
2022
Gentile, E. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5145, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Lewis, H. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3581-6459 (2022) The sensitivity of probabilistic convective‐scale forecasts of an extratropical cyclone to atmosphere–ocean–wave coupling. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 148 (743). pp. 685-710. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4225
2021
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X, Vautrey, J. L. and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2021) The role of tropopause polar vortices in the intensification of summer Arctic cyclones. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 2 (4). pp. 1303-1324. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-1303-2021
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Ackerley, D. and Suri, D. (2021) Development of a prototype real-time sting-jet precursor tool for forecasters. Weather, 76 (11). pp. 369-373. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.3889
Bland, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-2853, Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Forbes, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3596-8287 (2021) Characterising extratropical near‐tropopause analysis humidity biases and their radiative effects on temperature forecasts. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 147 (741). pp. 3878-3898. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/QJ.4150
Gentile, E. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-5145, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Barlow, J. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9022-6833, Lewis, H. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3581-6459 and Edwards, J. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-3218 (2021) The impact of atmosphere–ocean–wave coupling on the near-surface wind speed in forecasts of extratropical cyclones. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 180. pp. 105-129. ISSN 0006-8314 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-021-00614-4
Flaounas, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-7817, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Teubler, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-7959 (2021) A process-based anatomy of Mediterranean cyclones: from baroclinic lows to tropical-like systems. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 2 (1). pp. 255-279. ISSN 2698-4016 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-255-2021
Flack, D., Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Halliwell, C., Roberts, N., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Plant, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Lean, H. (2021) A physically-based stochastic boundary-layer perturbation scheme. Part II: perturbation growth within a super ensemble framework. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78 (3). pp. 747-761. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0292.1
2020
Sánchez, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-6849, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Cullen, M. (2020) Linking rapid forecast error growth to diabatic processes. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 146 (732). pp. 3548-3569. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3861
Maddison, J. W., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Martínez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Williams, K. D. (2020) Impact of model upgrades on diabatic processes in extratropical cyclones and downstream forecast evolution. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 146 (728). pp. 1322-1350. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3739
Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2020) Idealised simulations of cyclones with robust symmetrically-unstable sting jets. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 1 (1). pp. 63-91. ISSN 2698-4024 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-1-63-2020
2019
Clarke, S. J., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Roberts, N. M. (2019) Downstream influence of mesoscale convective systems: part 1, influence on forecast evolution. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145 (724). pp. 2933-2952. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3593
Clarke, S. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Roberts, N. M. (2019) Downstream influence of mesoscale convective systems: part 2, influence on ensemble forecast skill and spread. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145 (724). pp. 2953-2972. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3613
Flack, D. L. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2019) A simple ensemble approach for more robust process-based sensitivity analysis of case studies in convection-permitting models. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145 (724). pp. 3089-3101. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3606
Dance, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-3338, Ballard, S. P., Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Darlington, T., Flack, D. L. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Hawkness-Smith, L., Husnoo, N., Illingworth, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-8410, Kelly, G. A., Lean, H. W., Li, D., Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220, Nicol, J. C., Oxley, A., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Roberts, N. M., Roulstone, I., Simonin, D., Thompson, R. J. and Waller, J. A. (2019) Improvements in forecasting intense rainfall: results from the FRANC (forecasting rainfall exploiting new data assimilation techniques and novel observations of convection) project. Atmosphere, 10 (3). 125. ISSN 2073-4433 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030125
Maddison, J. W., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Williams, K. D. (2019) Upstream cyclone influence on the predictability of block onsets over the Euro-Atlantic region. Monthly Weather Review, 147 (4). pp. 1277-1296. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0226.1
2018
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Maddison, J., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Williams, K. (2018) Atmospheric blocking and upper-level Rossby wave forecast skill dependence on model configuration. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (716). pp. 2165-2181. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3326
Schäfler, A., Craig, G., Wernli, H., Arbogast, P., Doyle, J. D., McTaggart-Cowan, R., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Rivière, G., Ament, F., Boettcher, M., Bramberger, M., Cazenave, Q., Cotton, R., Crewell, S., Delanoë, J., Dörnbrack, A., Ehrlich, A., Ewald, F., Fix, A., Grams, C. M., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Grob, H., Groß, S., Hagen, M., Harvey, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Hirsch, L., Jacob, M., Kölling, T., Konow, H., Lemmerz, C., Lux, O., Magnusson, L., Mayer, B., Mech, M., Moore, R., Pelon, J., Quinting, J., Rahm, S., Rapp, M., Rautenhaus, M., Reitebuch, O., Reynolds, C. A., Sodemann, H., Spengler, T., Vaughan, G., Wendisch, M., Wirth, M., Witschas, B., Wolf, K. and Zinner, T. (2018) The North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 99 (8). pp. 1607-1637. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0003.1
Flaounas, E., Kotroni, V., Lagouvardos, K., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Rysman, J.-F. and Claud, C. (2018) Heavy rainfall in Mediterranean cyclones. Part I: contribution of deep convection and warm conveyor belt. Climate Dynamics, 50 (7-8). pp. 2935-2949. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3783-x
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Hart, N. C.G., Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Roberts, M. J. (2018) Increased wind risk from sting-jet windstorms with climate change. Environmental Research Letters, 13 (4). 044002. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaae3a
Yano, J.-I., Ziemiański, M. Z., Cullen, M., Termonia, P., Onvlee, J., Bengtsson, L., Carrassi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5600, Davy, R., Deluca, A., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Homar, V., Köhler, M., Krichak, S., Michaelides, S., Phillips, V. T. J., Soares, P. M. M. and Wyszogrodzki, A. A. (2018) Scientific challenges of convective-scale numerical weather prediction. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 99 (4). pp. 699-710. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0125.1
Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2018) Sting jets in extratropical cyclones: a review. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (713). pp. 943-969. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3267
Volonté, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2018) The role of mesoscale instabilities in the sting-jet dynamics of windstorm Tini. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (712). pp. 877-899. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3264
Flack, D. L. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Lean, H. W. and Craig, G. C. (2018) Convective-scale perturbation growth across the spectrum of convective regimes. Monthly Weather Review, 146 (1). pp. 387-405. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0024.1
2017
Saffin, L., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Williams, K. D. (2017) Processes maintaining tropopause sharpness in numerical models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 122 (18). pp. 9611-9627. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026879
Harrison, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X and Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2017) The weather's response to a solar eclipse. Astronomy and Geophysics, 58 (4). 4.11-4.16. ISSN 1468-4004 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atx135
Hart, N. C.G., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2017) Sting-jet windstorms over the North Atlantic: climatology and contribution to extreme wind risk. Journal of Climate, 30 (14). pp. 5455-5471. ISSN 0894-8755 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0791.1
Fairman, J. G., Schultz, D. M., Kirshbaum, D. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Barrett, A. I. (2017) Climatology of size, shape and intensity of precipitation features over Great Britain and Ireland. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 18 (6). pp. 1595-1615. ISSN 1525-7541 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-16-0222.1
Weijenborg, C., Chagnon, J. M., Friederichs, P., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Hense, A. (2017) Coherent evolution of potential vorticity anomalies associated with deep moist convection. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 143 (704). pp. 1254-1267. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3000
Bell, R. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Jones, O. P. (2017) North Atlantic storm driving of extreme wave heights in the North Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122 (4). pp. 3253-3268. ISSN 21699275 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012501
Glinton, M. R., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Chagnon, J. M. and Morcrette, C. J. (2017) Modulation of precipitation by conditional symmetric instability release. Atmospheric Research, 185. pp. 186-201. ISSN 0169-8059 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.10.013
2016
Fairman, J. G., Schultz, D. M., Kirshbaum, D. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Barrett, A. I. (2016) Climatology of banded precipitation over the contiguous United States. Monthly Weather Review, 144 (12). pp. 4553-4568. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-16-0015.1
Wong, K. C., Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2016) The computation of reference state and APE production by diabatic processes in an idealised tropical cyclone. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 142 (700). pp. 2646-2657. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2854
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2016) Diabatic processes and the evolution of two contrasting summer extratropical cyclones. Monthly Weather Review, 144 (9). pp. 3251-3276. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-15-0395.1
Aplin, K. L., Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2016) Atmospheric changes from solar eclipses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150217. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0217 (themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X (2016) Eclipse-induced wind changes over the British Isles on the 20 March 2015. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150224. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0224 (themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)
Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Portas, A. M., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X (2016) The National Eclipse Weather Experiment: an assessment of citizen scientist weather observations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150220. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0220 (themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)
Flack, D. L. A., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Lean, H. W., Keil, C. and Craig, G. C. (2016) Characterisation of convective regimes over the British Isles. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 142 (696). pp. 1541-1553. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2758
Saffin, L., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2016) The non-conservation of potential vorticity by a dynamical core compared with the effects of parametrized physical processes. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 142 (696). pp. 1265-1275. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2729
Barrett, A. I., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Kirshbaum, D. J., Roberts, N. M., Schultz, D. M. and Fairman, J. G. (2016) The utility of convection-permitting ensembles for the prediction of stationary convective bands. Monthly Weather Review, 144 (3). pp. 1093-1114. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-15-0148.1
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Madonna, E., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Joos, H. (2016) A route to systematic error in forecasts of Rossby waves. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 142 (694). pp. 196-210. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2645
2015
Hart, N. C. G., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2015) Detection of coherent airstreams using cluster analysis: application to an extratropical cyclone. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (9). pp. 3518-3531. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00382.1
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Wernli, H. (2015) Dynamics and predictability of middle latitude weather systems and their higher and lower latitude interactions. In: Brunet, G., Jones, S. and Ruti, P. (eds.) Seamless prediction of the earth system: from minutes to months. WMO-No. 1156. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, pp. 77-99. ISBN 9789263111562
Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) A diabatically-generated potential vorticity structure near the extratropical tropopause in three simulated extratropical cyclones. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (6). pp. 2337-2347. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00092.1
Fairman, J. G., Schultz, D. M., Kirshbaum, D. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Barrett, A. I. (2015) A radar-based rainfall climatology of Great Britain and Ireland. Weather, 70 (5). pp. 153-158. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.2486
Rhodes, R. I., Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) Can reanalyses represent extreme precipitation over England and Wales? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1114-1120. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2418
Ludwig, P., Pinto, J. G., Hoepp, S. A., Fink, A. H. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) Secondary cyclogenesis along an occluded front leading to damaging wind gusts: windstorm Kyrill, January 2007. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (4). pp. 1417-1437. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00304.1
Barrett, A. I., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Kirshbaum, D. J., Roberts, N. M., Schultz, D. M. and Fairman Jr, J. G. (2015) Synoptic versus orographic control on stationary convective banding. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1101-1113. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2409 (Part B)
Vaughan, G., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Anderson, D., Antonescu, B., Baker, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Baker, T. P., Ballard, S. P., Bower, K. N., Brown, P. R. A., Chagnon, J., Choularton, T. W., Chylik, J., Connolly, P. J., Cook, P. A., Cotton, R. J., Crosier, J., Dearden, C., Dorsey, J. R., Frame, T. H. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Gallagher, M. W., Goodliff, M., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Harvey, B. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Knippertz, P., Lean, H. W., Li, D., Lloyd, G., Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Nicol, J., Norris, J., Öström, E., Owen, J., Parker, D. J., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Renfrew, I. A., Roberts, N. M., Rosenberg, P., Rudd, A. C., Schultz, D. M., Taylor, J. P., Trzeciak, T., Tubbs, R., Vance, A. K., Van Leeuwen, P. J., Wellpott, A. and Woolley, A. (2015) Cloud banding and winds in intense European cyclones: results from the DIAMET project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (2). pp. 249-265. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00238.1
2014
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Baker, L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2014) Distinguishing the cold conveyor belt and sting jet air streams in an intense extratropical cyclone. Monthly Weather Review, 142 (8). pp. 2571-2595. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-13-00348.1
Ludwig, P., Pinto, J. G., Reyers, M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2014) The role of anomalous SST and surface fluxes over the Southeastern North Atlantic in the explosive development of windstorm Xynthia. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (682). pp. 1729-1741. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2253
Elvidge, A. D., Renfrew, I. A., King, J. C., Orr, A., Lachlan-Cope, T. A., Weeks, M. and Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2014) Foehn jets over the Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctica. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (688). pp. 698-713. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2382
Holloway, C. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9903-8989, Petch, J. C., Beare, R. J., Bechtold, P., Craig, G. C., Derbyshire, S. H., Donner, L. J., Field, P. R., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Marsham, J. H., Parker, D. J., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Roberts, N. M., Schultz, D. M., Stirling, A. J. and Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2014) Understanding and representing atmospheric convection across scales: recommendations from the meeting held at Dartington Hall, Devon, UK, 28–30 January 2013. Atmospheric Science Letters, 15 (4). pp. 348-353. ISSN 1530-261X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.508
Baker, L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2014) Idealised simulations of sting-jet cyclones. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (678). pp. 96-110. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2131
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Dunning, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-7846, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Masato, G. and Chagnon, J. M. (2014) Systematic model forecast error in Rossby wave structure. Geophysical Research Letters, 41 (8). pp. 2979-2987. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059282
Sweeney, J. K., Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2014) A case study of sea breeze blocking regulated by sea surface temperature along the English south coast. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14 (9). pp. 4409-4418. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4409-2014
2013
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Joos, H., Chagnon, J., Boettcher, M., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Wernli, H. (2013) The dichotomous structure of the warm conveyor belt. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (683). pp. 1809-1824. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2276
Chagnon, J.M., Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2013) Diabatic processes modifying potential vorticity in a North Atlantic cyclone. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 139 (674). pp. 1270-1282. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2037
Frame, T.H.A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Ambaum, M.H.P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083 (2013) Flow-dependent predictability of the North Atlantic Jet. Geophysical Research Letters, 40 (10). pp. 2411-2416. ISSN 1944-8007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50454
Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2013) Quantifying the climatological relationship between extratropical cyclone intensity and atmospheric precursors. Geophysical Research Letters, 40 (10). pp. 2322-2327. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50105
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Baker, L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488 (2013) Objective detection of sting jets in low-resolution datasets. Meteorological Applications, 20 (1). pp. 41-55. ISSN 1469-8080 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/met.297
Leoncini, G., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2013) Ensemble forecasts of a flood-producing storm: comparison of the influence of model-state perturbations and parameter modifications. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 139 (670). pp. 198-211. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.1951
Cannon, D., Kirshbaum, D. J. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2013) A mixed-phase bulk orographic precipitation model with embedded convection. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (683). pp. 1997-2012. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2269
2012
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X (2012) Diagnosing eclipse-induced wind changes. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 468 (2143). pp. 1839-1850. ISSN 1364-5021 doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2012.0007
Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Catto, J. L. and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2012) Sting jets in intense winter North-Atlantic windstorms. Environmental Research Letters, 7 (2). 024014. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/024014
Done, J. M., Craig, G. C., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2012) Case-to-case variability of predictability of deep convection in a mesoscale model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138 (664). pp. 638-648. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.943
Cannon, D. J., Kirshbaum, D. J. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2012) Under what conditions does embedded convection enhance orographic precipitation? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138 (663). pp. 391-406. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.926
2011
Irvine, E. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2011) Targeted observations of a polar low in the Norwegian sea. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137. pp. 1688-1699. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.914 (Part A)
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Baker, L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488 and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2011) Conditional symmetric instability in sting-jet storms. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (659). pp. 1482-1500. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.859
Frame, T. H. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Ambaum, M. H. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083, Gray, S. L. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2011) Ensemble prediction of transitions of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (658). pp. 1288-1297. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.829
Irvine, E. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Renfrew, I. A. (2011) Forecast impact of targeted observations: sensitivity to observation error and proximity to steep orography. Monthly Weather Review, 139 (1). pp. 69-78. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3459.1
2010
Martínez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Weidle, F. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2010) Sting jets in simulations of a real cyclone by two mesoscale models. Monthly Weather Review, 138 (11). pp. 4054-4075. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3290.1
Irvine, E. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2010) Can 4D-Var use dynamical information from targeted observations of a baroclinic structure? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136 (651). pp. 1396-1407. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.673
Lewis, M. W. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2010) Categorisation of synoptic environments associated with mesoscale convective systems over the UK. Atmospheric Research, 97 (1-2). pp. 194-213. ISSN 0169-8059 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.04.001
Sinclair, V., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Belcher, S. E. (2010) Controls on boundary layer ventilation: Boundary layer processes and large-scale dynamics. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 115. D11107. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012169
Leoncini, G., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2010) Perturbation growth at the convective scale for CSIP IOP18. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136 (648). pp. 653-670. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.587
Sinclair, V. A., Belcher, S. E. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2010) Synoptic controls on boundary-layer characteristics. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 134 (3). 387-409 . ISSN 0006-8314 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-009-9455-6
Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2010) A comparison of stratosphere-troposphere transport in convection-permitting and convection-parameterizing simulations of three mesoscale convective systems. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (D24). D24318. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014421
2009
Irvine, E. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Renfrew, I. A., Bovis, K. and Swinbank, R. (2009) The impact of targeted observations made during the Greenland Flow Distortion Experiment. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 135 (645). pp. 2012-2029. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.499
Bracegirdle, T. J. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2009) The dynamics of a polar low assessed using potential vorticity inversion. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 135 (641). pp. 880-893. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.411
Agusti-Panareda, A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Belcher, S. E. (2009) On the dependence of boundary-layer ventilation on frontal type. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114. D05305. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010694
Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2009) Horizontal potential vorticity dipoles on the convective storm scale. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 135 (643). pp. 1392-1408. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.468
Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2009) The spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of North Atlantic cyclones. Monthly Weather Review, 137 (1). pp. 99-115. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2008MWR2491.1
2008
Bracegirdle, T. J. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2008) An objective climatology of the dynamical forcing of polar lows in the Nordic seas. International Journal of Climatology, 14 (28). pp. 1903-1919. ISSN 0899-8418 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1686
Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2008) Analysis of convectively-generated gravity waves in mesoscale model simulations and wind profiler observations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (632). pp. 663-676. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.239
Sinclair, V.A., Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Belcher, S.E. (2008) Boundary-layer ventilation by baroclinic lifecycles. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (635). pp. 1409-1424. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.293
Renfrew, I.A., Petersen, G.N., Outten, S., Sproson, D., Moore, G.W.K., Hay, C., Ohigashi, T., Zhang, S., Kristjansson, J.E., Fore, I., Olafsson, H., Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Irvine, E. A., Bovis, K., Brown, P.R.A., Swinbank, R., Haine, T., Lawrence, A., Pickart, R.S., Shapiro, M. and Woolley, A. (2008) The Greenland flow distortion experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 89 (9). pp. 1307-1324. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2508.1
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 (2008) The impact of deformation strain on the formation of banded clouds in idealized modeling experiments. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (633). pp. 859-874. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.262
2007
Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Belcher, S. E. (2007) A case study of boundary layer ventilation by convection and coastal processes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (D17). D17106. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007984
Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2007) Stratosphere-troposphere transport in a numerical simulation of midlatitude convection. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (D6). DO6314. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007265
2006
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 (2006) Classifying dynamical forcing mechanisms using a climatology of extratropical cyclones. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132 (617). pp. 1119-1137. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.05.69
Dacre, H. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2006) Life-cycle simulations of shallow frontal waves and the impact of deformation strain. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132 (620). pp. 2171-2190. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.05.238
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2006) Mechanisms of midlatitude cross-tropopause transport using a potential vorticity budget approach. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111 (D17). ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006259
Done, J. M., Craig, G. C., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Gray, M. E. B. (2006) Mesoscale simulations of organized convection: importance of convective equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132. pp. 737-756. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.84
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Browning, K. A. (2006) Reply to comments by David M. Schultz on 'Cloud-resolving model simulations of multiply-banded frontal clouds' (October A, 2005, 131, 2617-2637). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132 (619). pp. 2097-2099. ISSN 1477-870X
2005
Agusti-Panareda, A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2005) Numerical modeling study of boundary-layer ventilation by a cold front over Europe. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110. D18304. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005555
Pizzamei, M., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Browning, K. A. (2005) Cloud resolving model simulations of multiply-banded frontal clouds. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131. pp. 2617-2637. ISSN 1477-870X
Agusti-Panareda, A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Craig, G. C. and Thorncroft, C. (2005) The extratropical transition of tropical cyclone Lili (1996) and its crucial contribution to a moderate extratropical development. Monthly Weather Review, 133 (6). pp. 1562-1573.
2004
Agusti-Panareda, A., Thorncroft, C. D., Craig, G. C. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2004) The extratropical transition of hurricane Irene (1999): A potential-vorticity perspective. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 130 (598). pp. 1047-1074. ISSN 1477-870X
2003
Plant, R.S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Craig, G.C. and Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2003) On a threefold classification of extratropical cyclogenesis. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 129. pp. 2989-3012. ISSN 1477-870X
Gray, S.L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2003) A case study of stratosphere to troposphere transport: The role of convective transport and the sensitivity to model resolution. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108 (art. no.-4). doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003317.
2001
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Thorpe, A. (2001) Parcel theory in three dimensions and the calculation of SCAPE. Monthly Weather Review, 129 (7). pp. 1656-1672. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<1656:PTITDA>2.0.CO;2
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Haine, T. W. N. (2001) Constraining a North Atlantic Ocean general circulation model with chlorofluorocarbon observations. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31 (5). pp. 1157-1181. ISSN 0022-3670 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031<1157:CANAOG>2.0.CO;2
Haine, T. W. N. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2001) Quantifying mesoscale variability in ocean transient tracer fields. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106 (C7). pp. 13861-13878. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC000036
2000
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Thorpe, A. (2000) Potential energy for slantwise parcel motion. Atmospheric Science Letters, 1 (1). pp. 56-61. ISSN 1530-261X doi: https://doi.org/10.1006/asle.2000.0006
1998
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (1998) Analysis of the eyes formed in simulated tropical cyclones and polar lows. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 124 (551). pp. 2357-2375. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712455109
Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Craig, C. G. (1998) A simple theoretical model for the intensification of tropical cyclones and polar lows. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 124 (547). pp. 919-947. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712454713
1996
Craig, G. C. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (1996) CISK or WISHE as the mechanism for tropical cyclone intensification. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 53 (23). pp. 3528-3540. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<3528:COWATM>2.0.CO;2
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Last update: 6th December 2024